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Disordered carbon containing finely-dispersed carbon nanocapsules with iron carbide cores were synthesized by a modified method in which low-current plasma discharge was generated in liquid ethanol with ultrasonic irradiation. The structure of nanographite forms prepared by the annealing at 900°C for 2h of disordered carbon containing finely-dispersed carbon nanocapsules was studied. Transmission...
The field emission mechanisms of the ultra small armchair and zigzag single-walled carbon nanotubes with finite and infinite length are studied individually by using the first principle theory. For carbon nanotubes with finite length, the field emission is affected not only by the electronic behaviors related to the magnitude of diameter, but also by the geometrical conditions at the edge of finite...
We applied X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy to investigate the adsorption of proteins onto single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). Specific XANES spectral features such as peptide CO bonds in proteins were recognized and found to be affected by the corresponding aromatic structure of SWCNTs. Experimental data combined with first-principle calculation of the investigated nano-complex...
A mesoporous carbon material, CMK-1 was successfully functionalized with carboxymethylated polyethyleneimine (CMPEI) by a simple adsorption method. The physicochemical properties of the polymer–carbon composite (denoted as CMPEI/CMK-1) were investigated by X-ray diffraction, N 2 adsorption–desorption and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The adsorption behaviors of Cu(II) ion on the...
A simple chemical approach is described for the synthesis of gelatin-based carbon microspheres with a foam-like core/solid shell structure without using any pore producing or templating agent. SEM, EDS, TGA, DSC, XRD and Raman spectroscopy were used to characterize the precursor gelatin microspheres and the carbon microspheres produced from them. The sulfuric acid treatment and the treating temperature...
High-yield synthesis of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nano-onions (CNOs) on a catalytic nickel substrate using counterflow diffusion flames was investigated. With ethylene fixed at 5%, methane varied from 15% to 45% in the upper flow, and air supplied in the lower flow, only a moderate CH 4 concentration (25%) could yield high density CNTs. However, when oxygen was increased to 50% in the lower...
In this paper we revisit the problem of how to obtain reliable information on the porosity and surface area of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) bundles from adsorption data. We report on adsorption measurements obtained on bundles of high-purity electric-arc nanotubes, with various gases (methane, ethane, ethylene, propane, and propylene) spanning reduced temperatures between 0.8 and 1.6, and...
The pore size, distribution and volume of activated carbon are extremely important for maximizing adsorption of vapours formed during cigarette smoking. Increasing micropore volume leads to an increase in the removal efficiency. Because of the relatively high flow rates encountered during the smoking process, mesopores appear to be beneficial as transport pores especially in cases where the micropore...
Amorphous porous carbon samples with porosities up to 80% were synthesized from a sucrose solution using a dehydrating acid and a cationic component. The impact of different synthesis parameters like acid type, acid content, sucrose concentration and cationic component on the microstructure and morphology were evaluated. The carbons were characterized with small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), gas...
Demineralised kraft lignin was impregnated with between 6.2% and 50% NaCl or KCl and physically activated in CO 2 at 750°C. The results presented show that a considerable reduction in activation time even at a comparatively low activation temperature could be achieved, particularly when using KCl. Considering a fixed level of burn-off, the impregnation did not affect the pore volume and only...
The effect of the electrochemical treatment (galvanostatic electrolysis in a filter-press electrochemical cell) on the surface chemistry and porous structure of a granular activated carbon (GAC) has been analyzed by means of temperature-programmed desorption and N 2 (at 77K) and CO 2 (at 273K) adsorption isotherms. The anodic and cathodic treatments, the applied current (between 0...
The circulation, distribution and accumulation of intravenously administered single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in mice have been investigated by using the Raman spectroscopy and fluorescent labeling. The SWCNTs exhibited a rapid blood clearance with a half-life time of 3–4h. However, rapid uptake and high levels of SWCNTs were observed in liver of mice. These SWCNTs accumulated in liver and...
The interaction of thermal and hyperthermal Ni ions with gas-phase C 60 fullerene was investigated at two temperatures with classical molecular dynamics simulations using a recently developed interatomic many-body potential. The interaction between Ni and C 60 is characterized in terms of the Ni–C 60 binding sites, complex formation, and the collision and temperature induced...
The mechanical hysteresis of four ceramic matrix composites with different carbon fiber preforms, i.e. needled C/SiC, 2D C/SiC, 2.5D C/SiC, and 3D C/SiC, was investigated and compared during cyclic reloading–unloading tests. An effective coefficient of the fiber volume fraction in the direction of loading (ECFL) was defined to characterize fiber architectures of the preforms. It is shown that an increase...
Absolute photoabsorption cross sections of C 60 thin films are determined in the hν range from 1.3 to 42eV by using photon attenuation method. The spectrum shows a prominent peak of 1180Mb at 22.1eV with several fine structures due to single-electron excitation similarly to the case of C 60 in the gas phase. The complex refractive index and complex dielectric function are calculated...
Two poly(3-hexylthiophene)-g-polycaprolactones (P3HT-g-PCLs) with different degrees of polymerization (DP) of P3HT backbone were synthesized and used as a compatibilizer for bisphenol A polycarbonate (PC)/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composites. Both field emission-scanning electron microscopy and melt-state rheology show that MWCNTs are homogeneously dispersed in PC matrix when P3HT-g-PCL...
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